Date
|
Location
|
Species
|
Concern
|
Photo
|
Notes
|
Drugs/Notes
|
5/11/14
|
Finlay-Hells Gate National Park
|
Zebra-Female
|
Snare
|
|
Reported with a wedge snare wire around the right
hind fetlock area causing lameness. Had caused severe traumatic wound. Snare
snoop was loosened and taken off the limb. Wound was cleaned using Hydrogen
Peroxide and Iodine. It was sprayed with Tetracycline wound spray.
|
Darted with 6mgs Etorphine and 50mgs Azaperone. 30000mgs
Amoxicillin, 50ml Multivitamin was injected intramuscularly; 80mgs Ivermectin
was injected subcutaneously and 200ml Pyrethrin was applied topically. It was
revived using 24mgs Diprenorphine into jugular vein.
|
6/11/14
|
Lentolia
|
Zebra-Female
|
Traumatic Wound
|
|
Reported to have a huge gaping wound on the right
gluteal area and a small on the left. The injury was suspected to have been
caused by hyena attack. The wound was septic, discharging pus and maggot infested.
It was cleaned with Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodine. As many maggots as possible
were manually removed, wound edges trimmed and debrided ready for suturing.
|
Was darted using 6mgs Etorphine and 50mgs Azaperone.
Was sutured using double nylon suture leaving distal opening to act as a
drain. 6000mgs of Amoxicillin was infiltrated around the wound and another
inside the wound along suture line. 100mgs Ivermectin was flushed in the
wound prior to Amoxicillin. 50ml Multivitamin intramuscular and Tetracycline
spray was applied liberally and 200ml Pyrethrin topically applied to repeal
flies and other external parasites. It was revived using 24mgs Diprenorphine
into jugular vein.
|
|
Upper KARI
|
Zebra-Male
|
Traumatic Wound
|
|
Spotted being lame on the right hind limb.
Observation revealed that it had a septic wound on the right hind limb
posteriorly. Observation revealed that it had a severed deep digital flexor
tendon possibly by a faulty snare. It was cleaned with Hydrogen Peroxide and
Iodine. 15000mgs Tetracycline and 50ml Multivitamin was administered into
muscles
|
It was immobilized using 6mgs Etorphine and 50mgs
Azaperone. 80mgs Ivermectin was
subcutaneously injected and 200ml Pyrethrin pour on applied topically It was
revived using 24mgs Diprenorphine into jugular vein.
|
9/11/14
|
Crater Lake
|
Masai Giraffe-Female
|
Traumatic Wound
|
|
Spotted with a metal rod poking out at the withers
laterally on the left side. The area around the rod was swollen and
emphysematous. The rod was manually removed and resultant penetrating wound
was cleaned with Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodine. One tube Amoxicillin ointment
was infiltrated into the wound
|
Darted using 15mgs Etorphine and 40mgs Azaperone.
30000mgs Amoxicillin and 100ml Multivitamin were administered intramuscular,
250mgs Ivermectin subcutaneous, 400ml Pyrethrin pour on. It was revived using
48mgs Diprenorphine into jugular vein
|
|
Oserian-La Pieve
|
Zebra-Female
|
Snare
|
|
Spotted crossing the Moi South Lake Road limping on
the left fore limb. It had a wedge wire on the affected fetlock. Resultant
wound was cleaned with Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodine after the wire was
severed using wire cutter. It was sprayed with Tetracycline wound spray.
|
Immobilized using 6mgs Etorphine and 50mgs
Azaperone. 30000mgs Amoxicillin, 50ml Multivitamin were injected into muscles
while 80mgs Ivermectin was injected subcutaneously. 200ml Pyrethrin was
applied on the skin. It was revived using 40mgs Naltrexone into jugular vein.
|
10/11/14
|
Annex KWSTI
|
Zebra-Male
|
Snare-Plastic
|
|
Spotted lame with a plastic shoe on the left fore
limb. There was no resultant wound but it was a nagging irritant as the zebra
kept stamping feet and trying in vain to bite it. It was removed manually
|
Immobilized using 3mgs Etorphine and 30mgs
Azaperone. Dart wound was infiltrated with one tube of amoxicillin ointment.
200ml Pyrethrin pour on and 40mgs Ivermectin under the skin was administered.
It was revived using 12mgs Diprenorphine into jugular vein.
|
Joan Root Residence
|
Hippo-Male
|
Stray
|
|
Reported to have invaded residence area causing fear
and panic for at least a week. It had attempted to chase and bite the
residence. It was found grazing within the residence at noon. Observation
revealed that it had many fight marks all over the skin
|
It was chased using vehicle into the Lake Naivasha.
The residence were advised to call if it became aggressive again invading the
residence area. The aggressiveness was compounded by the prevailing hunger.
|
|
11/11/14
|
Kiangazi-Lentolia
|
Buffalo-Female
|
Stuck in mud
|
|
Reported to have been stuck in mud on the shores of
Lake Naivasha. Only the neck and head was out of the mud. It was alert and
aggressive. Was pulled out of mud using straps on the vehicle after darting
|
Darted with 9mgs Etorphine and 90mgs Azaperone. It
was revived using 40mgs Naltrexone and 62.5mgs into jugular vein. It remained
alert though after revival due to numbness of the hind limbs. Was left to
warm up and get up on her own
|
Zebra-Female
|
Tumor & Snare wound
|
|
Spotted with round traumatic wound on the right
metatarsus. It was maggot infested possibly caused by faulty snare.
Examination revealed that it had an ulcerated tumorous swelling at the base
of the left ear. It had severe emaciation suggesting probably metastasis.
|
Immobilized with 5mgs Etorphine and 60mgs Azaperone.
It was euthanized using 4000mgs Sodium Pentobarbital intravenously.
|
||
12/11/14
|
Kiangazi-Lentolia
|
Buffalo-Female
|
Euthanized
|
|
Reported not to have gotten up more than 24 hours
after being rescued from where she was stuck in mud. This was caused by
partial posterior paralysis possibly due to over exertion and numbness due to
long stay in water/mud
|
Tranquilized with 100mgs Xylazine hand injected into
muscles. Euthanized with 5mgs Etorphine and 200mgs Azaperone into jugular
vein.
|
Mundui Estate
|
Zebra-Male
|
Postmortem
|
|
Two stallions were seen fighting of what was
suspected to be territorial fight. One stallion was found at the scene in the
morning dead. Examination revealed many bite marks on the neck and gluteal
area.
|
Death was suspected to have been caused by a blunt
blow on the right side of head which was doughy with slight bleeding.
|
|
13/11/14
|
Green Park/Marula
|
Buffalo-Male
|
Snare
|
|
Reported to have been seen dragging a post tied with
a wedge wire around the neck. It was thought to have been snared from Eburu.
It was followed to effect darting but all in vain as it escaped into thick
bushes.
|
Monitoring will continue so that it can be desnared
when it resurfaces on a conducive terrain.
|
|
Crater Lake
|
Masai Giraffe-Male
|
Snare
|
|
Reported lame on the left hind limb due to braided
snare wire on metatarsus. It was tight and had caused mild traumatic wound.
Snare was severed using wire cutter. Resultant wound was cleaned with
Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodine. Tetracycline wound spray was topically applied.
It was injected with 15000mgs Tetracycline, 100ml Multivitamin into muscles. 300ml
Pyrethrin was applied on skin.
|
Immobilized using 15mgs Etorphine and 60mgs
Azaperone. It was revived using 45mgs Diprenorphine into jugular vein after
it was tripled using ropes when it begun to star gaze.
|
14/11/14
|
Hells Gate National Park
|
Zebra-Male
|
Snare
|
|
Spotted with plain braided snare wire around the
neck dropping down about five meters. Had also a cut breeding wound on the
left chest side. The snoop was loosened and taken off neck. It was slightly
strangulating. Wound was cleaned with Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodine. One tube
of Amoxicillin was infiltrated into the cut wound.
|
Immobilized using 5mgs Etorphine and 50mgs
Azaperone. 30000mgs Amoxicillin, 50ml Multivitamin was injected into muscles;
200ml Pyrethrin on skin. It was revived using 24mgs Diprenorphine into the
vein.
|
|
Oserian La Pieve
|
Zebra-Male
|
Snare
|
|
Spotted lame on the left fore limb due to traumatizing
wedge snare wire around the fetlock. It was established after darting that it
had another old snare on the right fetlock joint. Both were severed with wire
cutter. Fresh wound on left limb was cleaned using Hydrogen Peroxide and
Iodine. It was sprayed with Tetracycline wound spray.
|
Darted with 6mgs Etorphine and 50mgs Azaperone. It
was injected with 15000mgs Tetracycline and 50ml Multivitamin
intramuscularly. 80mgs Ivermectin was administered subcutaneously. 200ml Pour
on. It was revived using 24mgs Diprenorphine into jugular vein
|
|
Kongoni Game Valley
|
Zebra-Male
|
Postmortem
|
|
Found dead on right lateral recumbence. Observation
revealed emaciation and dehydration. Dentition examination was obvious that
it had callus and teeth were worn to the gum level.
|
Tentatively the cause of death was old age. This has
been exacerbated by the ongoing dry period.
|
15/11/14
|
Lake Nakuru National Park
|
Black Rhino-Female; Esther
|
Dystocia
|
|
Was spotted on 13/11/14 well. On 14/11/14 its’
carcass was found within kasarani area with both horns intact. Postmortem
revealed that it was heavily pregnant and possibly it was giving birth. A
completely formed fetus was found within inguinal region with anterior
presentation and ventro-dorsal malposition. It is this malposition that is
thought to have caused unsuccessful delivery resulting to death of both dam
and calf.
|
Common causes of sudden death were all eliminated
through postmortem lesions encountered. Among them are infectious diseases
like anthrax, Rift Valley Fever among others. Traumatic fatal injuries like
gunshot and fight wounds. Non-infectious conditions such as colic since the
species is very prone to colic. All kinds of poisoning were also considered
but eliminated.
|
16/11/14
|
Oserian/Kiangazi La Pieve
|
Zebra-Female
|
Snare
|
|
Reported with a wedge snare wire on the left hind
limb at fetlock. There was no resultant traumatic wound. It was loosened and
taken off the limb. Slight skin abrasion which was there was liberally
sprayed with Tetracycline wound spray.
|
Darted using 5mgs Etorphine and 50mgs Azaperone. 200ml
Pout on and 80mgs were used. It was revived using 24mgs Diprenorphine into
vein.
|
17/11/14
|
Lake Nakuru National Park
|
Black Rhino-Male; Aboni
|
Gunshot wound review
|
|
It had been treated on 16/11/2014 of gunshot wound
on the right fore limb. Lameness had subsided. It was strong and found
grazing with body score of four. It had several natural wounds on both
franks. The pus oozing penetrating wound was cleaned with Hydrogen Peroxide
and Iodine. Tetracycline wound spray was applied on all wounds liberally. 15000ml
Tetracycline was injected into muscles and so was 100ml Multivitamin.
|
Immobilized with 4mgs Etorphine and 60mgs Azaperone.
Anaesthesia plain was lighted by 10mgs Butorphanol into ear vein. 300ml
Pyrethrin pour on was topically applied to deter flies and ticks. It was
revived after 15 minutes with 24mgs Diprenorphine into ear vein and 40mgs
Naltrexone into muscles
|
|
Green Park
|
Zebra Foal-Male
|
Orphan
|
|
Collected at Morendat on Naivasha-Nakuru road.
School going children were found trying to kill it using sticks. It was
rescued and taken to Green Park by a resident who called Vet Unit to report.
It was visited and covered with 2cc Colvasone and 2cc Macrolan to take care
of inflammation and pneumonia.
|
It was given 200ml goat milk because it was
exhibiting hunger. This was to continue after every four hours. Meanwhile arrangement
has been done so that it can be collected by Nairobi Animal orphanage crew so
that it can be reared there.
|
19-20/11/14
|
Mosiro Kanjiando
|
Elephant-Female
|
Wound Treatment
|
|
It was reported to have a discharging wound on the
right hips with no lameness. She was in company of other six. She was strong
because she kept pace with others.
|
Efforts to dart were futile because of rough terrain
and thick bushes.
|
21/11/14
|
Oloiden Public Beach
|
Zebra-Female
|
Postmortem
|
|
Reported to have died on the shore of Lake Oloiden
beach overnight. Physical examination revealed emaciation and dehydration.
All limbs were alopecic from abrasions tentatively due to straining after it
got stuck.
|
Cause of death was thought to be over exertion
exacerbated by poor body cover due to prolonged dry spell
|
|
Kinja Cottages
|
Zebra-Female
|
Postmortem
|
|
Was reported to have aborted a week earlier. Had
grown thin and unable to walk around due to lack of forage. Examination also
revealed that its dentition exhibited old age.
|
Death was attributed to multifactorial causes which
included old age, pregnancy and malnutrition.
|
21-22/11/14
|
Lake Elementaita Community area
|
Pelicans
|
Disease Surveillance on Deaths
|
|
Reported to have died in hundreds possibly up to a
thousand. It was discovered during routine patrol by Soy Sambu Research Team
on Pelican Island near Pelican Hide. It was established that all ages were
equally affected and the surface of Island was covered with broken egg
shells.
|
This seemed to be their breeding site. Few unbroken
eggs were found within the area. Absence of fresh carcass made investigation
difficult. Deaths had stopped like two to three weeks earlier. The team was
put on high alert to keep surveying the area and report any fresh death(s) or
any carcass.
|
22/11/14
|
Lentolia
|
Masai Giraffe-Male
|
Snare
|
|
Was reported having snare wire on the left hind limb
metatarsus. It was tight though no wound had resulted. The snare was loosened
and taken off the limb. 100ml Multivitamin, 250mgs Ivermectin and 400ml pour
on was used
|
Immobilized with 18mgs Etorphine and 30mgs
Azaperone. It was revived immediately using 40mgs Naltrexone into jugular
vein
|
22/11/14
|
Kongoni Game
Valley
|
Silver back Jackal-Female
|
Postmortem
|
|
Reported dead after being observed unable to keep up
with pace of the rest of pack partners. It was established that she had poor
muscle cover and dehydration. Dentition depicted wear exposing sensitive
laminae.
|
Death was tentatively due to Old age syndrome.
Surveillance is on for any abnormal behavior on the rest of pack members.
|
23/11/14
|
Hells Gate National Park
|
Buffalo-Female
|
Snare
|
|
Spotted with a wire around the neck. It was
strangulating and had stayed for long causing alopecia. There was no
resultant traumatic wound. 50ml Multivitamin, 300ml pour on and 150mgs
Ivermectin was used.
|
Darted with 8mgs Etorphine and 180mgs Azaperone. The
snoop was loosened and taken off the neck. It was revived using 24mgs
Diprenorphine into the vein.
|
24/11/14
|
Lake Nakuru National Park
|
Black Rhino
|
Gunshot Wound
|
|
Reported to have been struck by poachers at about
1920Hrs. The following morning it was tracked down through dripping blood and
found lying. Efforts to dart and treat were futile as the animal spent off at
high speed into thick bushes.
|
Efforts to procure chopper were not forthcoming.
Treatment will be effected either through chopper after mounting a search or
through foot darting when sighted
|
25/11/14
|
Ol-morogi Kenya Nut Ltd
|
Zebra-Male
|
Snare
|
|
Reported with traumatic wound due to plain wire
snare on the right hind metatarsus. The wound was raw and scabbing due to
snare friction. Snare was loosened and taken off the limb. Animal was covered
with 30000mgs Tetracycline and 50ml Multivitamin into muscles. Topically 200ml
Pyrethrin was applied.
|
Darted with 5mgs Etorphine and 60mgs Azaperone.
Traumatic wound was cleaned with Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodine. It was
liberally sprayed with Tetracycline wound spray. It was revived using 24mgs
Diprenorphine into jugular vein.
|
|
Hells Gate National Park
|
Buffalo-Female
|
Malnutrition
|
|
Reported to have been unable to get up over eight
hours. She was being guarded by two sub adults. It was on the fence of
Olkaria Gate.
|
She was urged to get up by use of the vehicle. She
struggled and finally stood up. She was emaciated and alopecic showing old
age and lack of substantial foliage. She was left grazing.
|
|
Green Park
|
Zebra Foal-Male
|
Postmortem
|
|
Had been rescued a week ago from the children who
were beating it on the road side. Had been put on goat milk
|
Though having been covered against dietary diarrhea
and bacterial infections postmortem revealed inflammation of lung parenchyma.
|
26/11/14
|
Mogotio-LNNP
|
3 Female Ostriches
|
Capture & Translocation
|
|
The 3 inhabited private land from unknown
destination for about a year. They had started being aggressive to residents
and calves especially cattle. This necessitated their capture and
translocation. They were afraid of vehicle so foot darting was done. Each was
done individually till all were safe in the transporting pickup.
|
Each was darted using 4.5mgs Etorphine and 12mgs
Medetomidine. Each took about 8 minutes to be immobilized but remained
standing. They were quickly loaded into Pickup one after the other and
revived while inside the pickup. Revival was achieved by use of 24mgs
Diprenorphine and 31.25mgs Yohimbine into wing vein. 40mgs Naltrexone was
injected into thigh muscles to prevent renarcotization.
|
27/11/14
|
Lentolia
|
Zebra-Male
|
Snare-
|
|
Was reported to have plain wire snare around the
neck. It was tight causing mild strangulation. No resultant wound was
present. It had two snare wires of different age. Each was loosened after the
other and taken off the neck.
|
Darted with 5mgs Etorphine and 60mgs Azaperone. 50ml
Multivitamin, 200ml pour on and 80mgs Ivermectin were used. It was revived
using 24mgs Diprenorphine into jugular vein.
|
|
Lake Nakuru National Park
|
Black Rhino-Male
|
Treatment review
|
|
The rhino was suspected to have been fought by
another because noise was heard emanating from its habitat overnight. Its
treatment review was less due by four days thus it was done early. Having
been treated twice after botched poaching incidence it was found grazing with
vigor.
|
It was alert walking with no lameness. There was no
discharging wound even from natural ones. No fight marks were noted. It was
presumed that if the noise were his could be repulsive of any intruder or
there were others who fought. Rangers were instructed to identify the
candidates for necessary action to be taken.
|
28/11/14
|
Oserian Chui Lodge/Kongoni Game Valley
|
Eland-Male
|
Lassitude
|
|
Reported to have been lying down close to tarmac
road. It was diarrheing, emaciated and swollen submandibular. It was raised
up manually and driven to Kongoni Game Valley. It was injected with 15000mgs
Tetracycline and 50ml Multivitamin into muscles.
|
200ml Pyrethrin pour on was topically applied
followed by 50mgs Ivermectin subcutaneously. It was released and walked away
with no wobbling.
|
|
Lentolia
|
Zebra-Male
|
Traumatic Wound
|
|
Reported with a huge wound on the left metatarsus.
It was suspected to have been caused by faulty snare. It was cleaned with
Hydrogen Peroxide and Iodine. It was liberally sprayed with Tetracycline
wound spray.
|
Darted with 6mgs Etorphine and 12mgs Medetomidine.30000mgs
Amoxicillin and 50ml Multivitamin were administered Into muscles, 80mgs
Ivermectin subcutaneously and 200ml Pyrethrin on the skin. It was revived
using 60.25mgs Yohimbine and 24mgs Diprenorphine intravenously
|
29/11/14
|
Hippo Point
|
Masai Giraffe -Male
|
Fracture
|
|
Reported severely lame on right hind limb.
Examination revealed a fracture on the distal femur. Also it had skin
abrasions of the right side. It was suspected to have fallen into a ditch
with the whole of fractured limb. Struggle to get out possibly caused the
fracture.
|
Darted using 7mgs Etorphine and 100mgs Xylazine. It
was euthanized using 4000mgs Sodium Pentobarbital into jugular vein
|
|
Farah Residence Crater Lake
|
Buffalo-Male
|
Snare
|
|
Reported with a plain wire snare on the right hind
metatarsus. It was tight though it had not caused any traumatic wound. The
snoop was loosened and taken off the limb
|
Immobilized using 10mgs Etorphine and 180mgs
Azaperone. 300ml Pour on, 50ml Multivitamin and 150mgs Ivermectin were used. It
was revived using 36mgs Diprenorphine intravenously
|
Remark: The month under review was very busy with snaring cases emanating
from lack of forage due to continuous dry spell making animals wander within
residential areas and farms. Poor nutrition as a result also has contributed to
lassitude resulting to deaths of old animals hence increased postmortem cases.
Lack of peasant farming activities has also resulted to shift of interest to
wild animals by community hence increased conflict. Fortunately rains are now
on hopefully wild animals will get enough forage within designated areas away
from residential areas and farms.
The Unit wishes to acknowledge all
individuals and institutions which have made the above work possible. The ARR
Founder and Funder Margaret Zak including ARR administrators, ranches and conservancies,
community members, flower farms, tourist attraction sites/facilities and KWS fraternity.
The Unit continues with hawk-eye surveillance of any animal suffering to offer
quick reprieve especially at this festive season when demand for bush meat is
anticipated to be high.
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